History of AI

75 years of AI evolution

How AI Works

Understanding AI fundamentals

AI Agents

Autonomous AI systems

AI Evolution (1950 - 2025)

1950
Alan Turing publishes "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" - Turing Test proposed
1956
Dartmouth Conference - Birth of AI as a field
1958
LISP programming language created by John McCarthy
1964-66
ELIZA - First chatbot built by Joseph Weizenbaum
1976
MYCIN expert system for medical diagnostics developed
1986
Backpropagation algorithm popularized for neural networks
1997
IBM Deep Blue defeats world chess champion Garry Kasparov
2002
iRobot Roomba - First commercially successful autonomous robot
2004
DARPA Grand Challenge (first autonomous vehicle race)
Oct 2005
STANLEY AI CAR wins DARPA Grand Challenge
Feb 2010
Apple's Siri launched
Feb 2011
IBM Watson wins Jeopardy!
Sep 2012
AlexNet revolutionizes computer vision
Jan 2014
Google acquires DeepMind
Dec 2015
OpenAI founded
Mar 2016
Google's AlphaGo defeats world champion
Jun 2017
Transformers paper published
Oct 2018
BERT introduced by Google
Dec 2020
Google's AlphaFold solves protein folding
Nov 2022
Release of ChatGPT 3.5
Mar 2023
GPT-4 launched
Dec 2024
DeepSeek released
May 2025
Google's Veo 3 announced
Sep 2025
Sora 2 (OpenAI's video and audio generation model) released
Nov 18, 2025
Google Gemini 3 Pro released
Nov 24, 2025
Anthropic Claude Opus 4.5 released
Dec 11, 2025
GPT-5.2 released (OpenAI's response to Gemini 3)

Artificial Intelligence aims to mimic human intelligence in machines. Machine Learning learns from data to make predictions (weather forecasting). Deep Learning (face recognition) uses neural networks inspired by the human brain to improve those predictions. Generative AI (LLMs like ChatGPT) goes a step further by creating entirely new content. LLMs means Large Language Models.

How AI Works - Part 1

A classic computer program follows fixed rules written by humans to produce predictable outputs (for example, Excel formulas or a calculator).

Artificial Intelligence learns from data and examples, allowing it to generate answers, adapt, and assist (for example, ChatGPT writing an email or answering questions).

How AI Works - Part 2

An LLM reads your input and predicts the most likely next word based on probabilities learned from massive data.

It generates text by repeatedly choosing the highest-probability word, forming fluent answers like "Paris."

How AI Works - Part 3

AI Agents combine an LLM with tools and memory to think, plan, and decide what to do next.

Unlike simple LLMs that only respond with text, agents can plan steps and take real actions to complete tasks.

AI Agents Explained